Pharmacological treatment

Sulthiame add-on therapy for epilepsy

Abstract Background This is an updated version of the Cochrane Review previously published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 10. Epilepsy is a common neurological condition, characterised by recurrent seizures. Most people respond to conventional antiepileptic drugs, however, around 30% will continue to experience seizures, despite treatment with multiple antiepileptic drugs. Sulthiame, also known […]

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Felbamate add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Abstract Background This is an updated version of the Cochrane Review previously published in 2017. Epilepsy is a chronic and disabling neurological disorder, affecting approximately 1% of the population. Up to 30% of people with epilepsy have seizures that are resistant to currently available antiepileptic drugs and require treatment with multiple antiepileptic drugs in combination. […]

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Drug management for acute tonic-clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children

Abstract Background Tonic-clonic convulsions and convulsive status epilepticus (currently defined as a tonic-clonic convulsion lasting at least 30 minutes) are medical emergencies and require urgent and appropriate anticonvulsant treatment. International consensus is that an anticonvulsant drug should be administered for any tonic-clonic convulsion that has been continuing for at least five minutes. Benzodiazepines (diazepam, lorazepam, […]

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Eslicarbazepine acetate add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy

Abstract Background This is an updated version of the Cochrane Review published in the Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 12. The majority of people with epilepsy have a good prognosis, but up to 30% of people continue to have seizures despite several regimens of antiepileptic drugs. In this review, we summarized the current evidence regarding eslicarbazepine […]

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Antiepileptic drugs for the primary and secondary prevention of seizures in viral encephalitis

Abstract Background Viral encephalitis is characterised by diverse clinical and epidemiological features. Seizures are an important clinical manifestation and are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Patients may have seizures during the acute illness or they may develop after recovery. There are no recommendations regarding the use of antiepileptic drugs for the primary or secondary […]

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Antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of infants with severe myoclonic epilepsy

Abstract Background This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in 2015, Issue 10. Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infants (SMEI), also known as Dravet syndrome, is a rare, refractory form of epilepsy, for which stiripentol (STP) has been recently licensed as add-on therapy. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of STP […]

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Prophylactic drug management for febrile seizures in children

Abstract Background Febrile seizures occurring in a child older than one month during an episode of fever affect 2% to 4% of children in Great Britain and the United States and recur in 30%. Rapid-acting antiepileptics and antipyretics given during subsequent fever episodes have been used to avoid the adverse effects of continuous antiepileptic drugs. […]

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Immediate-release versus controlled-release carbamazepine in the treatment of epilepsy

Abstract Background Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a commonly used drug for epilepsy that is associated with troublesome adverse events including dizziness, double vision, drowsiness, poor co-ordination and unsteadiness. These adverse events often occur during peaks in drug plasma concentration. These adverse events may limit the daily dose of CBZ that can be tolerated and reduce the […]

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Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review

Abstract Background This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 1, 2006 of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Epilepsy is a common neurological condition in which abnormal electrical discharges from the brain cause recurrent unprovoked seizures. It is believed that with effective drug treatment up to 70% of individuals […]

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Monotherapy treatment of epilepsy in pregnancy: congenital malformation outcomes in the child

Abstract Background There is evidence that certain antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are teratogenic and are associated with an increased risk of congenital malformation. The majority of women with epilepsy continue taking AEDs throughout pregnancy; therefore it is important that comprehensive information on the potential risks associated with AED treatment is available. Objectives To assess the effects […]

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