Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for late radiation tissue injury
Abstract Background Cancer is a significant global health problem. Radiotherapy is a treatment for many cancers and about 50% of people having radiotherapy will be long‐term survivors. Some will experience late radiation tissue injury (LRTI) developing months or years later. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been suggested as a treatment for LRTI based upon the […]
Buprenorphine for neuropathic pain in adults
Abstract Background Opioid drugs, including buprenorphine, are commonly used to treat neuropathic pain, and are considered effective by some professionals. Most reviews have examined all opioids together. This review sought evidence specifically for buprenorphine, at any dose, and by any route of administration. Other opioids are considered in separate reviews. Objectives To assess the analgesic […]
Positioning and spinal bracing for pain relief in metastatic spinal cord compression in adults
Abstract Background This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 3 (Lee 2012) on patient positioning (mobilisation) and bracing for pain relief and spinal stability in adults with metastatic spinal cord compression. Many patients with metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) have spinal instability, but their clinician has determined that due […]
Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy
Abstract Background It is well documented that malnutrition is a common complication of paediatric malignancy and its treatment. Malnutrition can often be a consequence of cancer itself or a result of chemotherapy. Nutritional support aims to reverse malnutrition seen at diagnosis, prevent malnutrition associated with treatment and promote weight gain and growth. The most effective […]
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation after primary brain tumour treatment
Abstract Background Brain tumours can cause significant disability, which may be amenable to multidisciplinary rehabilitation. However, the evidence base for this is unclear. This review is an update of a previously published review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [2013, Issue 1, Art. No. CD009509] on ‘Multidisciplinary rehabilitation after primary brain tumour treatment’. Objectives […]
QTc interval screening for cardiac risk in methadone treatment of opioid dependence
Abstract Background Methadone represents today the gold standard of efficacy for the pharmacological treatment of opioid dependence. Methadone, like many other medications, has been implicated in the prolongation of the rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval of the electrocardiogram (ECG), which is considered a marker for arrhythmias such as torsade de pointes (TdP). Indications on the association […]
Enteral feeding methods for nutritional management in patients with head and neck cancers being treated with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy
Abstract Background This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 3, 2010. For many patients with head and neck cancer, oral nutrition will not provide adequate nourishment during treatment with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy due to the acute toxicity of treatment, obstruction caused by the tumour, or both. […]
Psychosocial interventions to improve quality of life and emotional wellbeing for recently diagnosed cancer patients
Abstract Background A cancer diagnosis may lead to significant psychological distress in up to 75% of cases. There is a lack of clarity about the most effective ways to address this psychological distress. Objectives To assess the effects of psychosocial interventions to improve quality of life (QoL) and general psychological distress in the 12-month phase […]
Exercise interventions on health-related quality of life for cancer survivors
Abstract Background Cancer survivors experience numerous disease and treatment-related adverse outcomes and poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Exercise interventions are hypothesized to alleviate these adverse outcomes. HRQoL and its domains are important measures for cancer survivorship. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise on overall HRQoL and HRQoL domains among adult post-treatment cancer survivors. […]
Exercise interventions on health-related quality of life for people with cancer during active treatment
Abstract Background People with cancer undergoing active treatment experience numerous disease- and treatment-related adverse outcomes and poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Exercise interventions are hypothesized to alleviate these adverse outcomes. HRQoL and its domains are important measures of cancer survivorship, both during and after the end of active treatment for cancer. Objectives To evaluate […]